Frankenstein the Dangerous Pursuit of Knowledge - 1552 Words

Danielle Bouquio ENG 210 10/16/12 Frankenstein: The Dangerous Pursuit of Knowledge Over the past few centuries, the intellectuals of society have made countless advances in science and the development of technology, which, to different degrees, have all benefitted mankind. These scientific discoveries are a result of man’s thirst for and dedication to acquiring knowledge, information, and power. The innate curiosity and desire for understanding in an individual can grow so immense that his or her moral and ethical boundaries erode, which results in disastrous consequences for all who are involved. The novel Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley, is both a warning and a plea about the dangers of misusing academic prowess and the†¦show more content†¦The word choice of impulse is interesting here, because it is used to describe a long existing condition rather than a split second decision. It brings to light how entangled in his world of discovery Victory must have been to have followed it for so long and still been unable to see the errors of his way. His study of the outdated Agrippa despite his father’s disapproval is a metaphor for his actions in the case of creating the monster. Rather than share his ideas and value the opinions of people who might be wiser, Victor preferred his own impulses. He conducts his experiments in great secrecy whist at Igosdolt, becoming so obsessed with the creation that he has no time for interactions with natural humans. The symbol of light is introduced as flash of brilliance that accompanies his discovery of creation. Light is also used by Walton because the word has a strong positive connotation. Both of them regard light as an illumination where before there had been only darkness. However, light can also blind if it is given off in excess. Victor can realize this mistake in retrospect, and is attempting to show Walton the negatives of a word and idea that clearly has a strong positive connotation. â€Å"Now that I had finished, the beauty of the dream vanished, and breathless horror and disgust filled my heart† (42). The realization of his own atrocities suggests a darker half of illumination. That quote specifically touches at the heart of his impulsive characterShow MoreRelatedMoral Lessons in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein1322 Words   |  5 Pages Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein has become a classic in modern literature. Her tale is full of moral lessons that encompass a wide variety of subjects but one of the most prevalent is the theme of knowledge and its pursuit. Frankenstein, Walton, and the Monster all have an appetite for acquiring knowledge and actively pursue their perspective interests, but it soon turns to the obsessive and proves to be dangerous. Each of the character’s desires demonstrates to be detrimental to them when no boundariesRead MoreShelley s Views Of The Dangers Of Knowledge1679 Words   |  7 Pagesdangers of knowledge contained in her novel Frankenstein â€Å"You seek for knowledge and wisdom, as I once did; and I ardently hope that the gratification of your wishes not be a serpent to sting you, as mine had been,† this fragment of Victor Frankenstein’s conversations with Robert Walton exemplifies Mary Shelley’s views of the dangers of knowledge, in her novel, â€Å"Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus,† where main characters Robert Walton and Victor Frankenstein ruthlessly peruse knowledge. The themeRead MoreThe Dangerous Pursuit Of Knowledge1617 Words   |  7 Pages2322 20 January 2017 The Dangerous Pursuit of Knowledge Many people would argue that knowledge is power, but can too much knowledge be dangerous? How much is too much? Throughout history, the human race has had struggles with â€Å"too much knowledge† or going to extreme lengths to gain such knowledge. Is the everlasting quest to know something really worth it? In today’s generation, there is constantly new inventions of technology and theories of science. But maybe knowledge is starting to ruin people’sRead MoreDangers of Acquiring Knowledge Illustrated in Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein1075 Words   |  5 PagesHow Dangerous is the Acquirement of Knowledge? Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein Although Mary Shelly did not have a formal education growing up motherless in the early nineteenth century, she wrote one of the greatest novels nonetheless in 1819, Frankenstein. The novel has been the basis for many motion picture movies along with many English class discussions. Within the novel Shelly shares the stories of two men from very different worlds. The reader is introduced to Robert Walton, the main narratorRead MoreFrankenstein, By Mary Shelley1416 Words   |  6 PagesMary Shelley: Frankenstein Knowledge is given to those that understand the power it holds, this power could either destroy or help one in their path to success. In Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, we see this idea being practiced by individuals in the novel. However, they are incapable of seeing the dangerous potential outcomes of misunderstanding knowledge and the power it offers, leading to their ruin. We see the suffering as a cause of knowledge through Victor Frankenstein’s creation of life, TheRead MoreThe Intellectual Pursuit and Its Social Counterpart in Frankenstein1056 Words   |  5 PagesThe Intellectual Pursuit and Its Social Counterpart Victor Frankenstein, as a scientist, has a burning passion and an infinite curiosity for the science of reanimation. After spending years studying what is known of the subject, Victor makes a discovery that would have been considered an enormous scientific breakthrough. However, once Frankenstein applies this new science, the science becomes a detriment to society, never to be attempted again. Frankenstein ignored the social implications of theRead MoreThe Pursuit of Knowledge Can Be Dangerous Essay1019 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout Frankenstein it is evident that Victor and Robert express their thirst for knowledge, which often leads to destruction. Through analyzing Frankenstein it is possible to find many examples that illustrate the fact that wanting to have more knowledge can be extremely dangerous. Firstly, as Victor is creating life he is able to create a humanoid monster, unfortunately he is appalled by his creation and becomes very ill. Afterwards, when Victor is completi ng the female companion for his originalRead MoreFrankenstein, By Mary Shelley902 Words   |  4 Pageslikely served as an outlet for those thoughts, helping her put things into perspective and not get beyond herself into a state of insanity. In the book’s introduction, we are presented with a quote by Shelley that describes a vision that inspired Frankenstein and her first image of what would eventually become Victor and the monster. â€Å"I saw-with shut eyes, but acute mental vision-I saw the pale student of unhallowed arts kneeling beside the thing he had put together. I saw the hideous phantasm of aRead MoreWarning Of The Dangers Of Science Or Suggestion That The Human1309 Words   |  6 PagesMatthew Tripp Susan Sibbach English IV 11 December, 2015 Frankenstein: warning of the dangers of science or suggestion that the human quest for knowledge is a noble undertaking? Human societies have come a long way from the time of hunting and gathering. Self-sufficient and possessing high capacity for questioning what systems are currently in place, and the astonishingly unique ability to discover solutions for problems; humankind is truly one of a kind. This distinctive quality grants humanityRead MoreFrankenstein Pursuit Of Knowledge Essay1403 Words   |  6 PagesInformation War: The Truths of Knowledge in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein What exactly is the pursuit of knowledge? One might say that the pursuit of knowledge is when one conducts irregular experiments and actions. One might say that the pursuit of knowledge is the process of the collecting information needed in completing that test. However, the universal truth says that one can never accumulate all the knowledge in the world. However, one might opinion that the pursuit of knowledge is a wonderful thing

Punishment For Committing A Crime Essay - 2085 Words

Punishment for committing a crime is a common and widespread practise across the world. The moral reasons as to why punishment is used in response to crime can vary greatly. Two theories of punishment include consequentialism, the belief that punishment should be performed because of the good consequences that come from it; and retributivism, the belief that it is morally justified to punish criminals because they deserve it, regardless of the consequences. These theories of morally justified punishment are also used in response to justifying the use of capital punishment however, these theories do not adequately justify how capital punishment can be morally justifiable. This can be shown by having a look at how consequentialism fails in regards to justifying capital punishment, how retributivism also fails to justify capital punishment, and lastly how the two theories are hypocritical and inconsistent with other morals. Consequentialism seeks to justify punishment through the good consequences that result from it. This theory looks to try and increase the amount of happiness in society and uses punishment to benefit society as a result. This type of theory is forward-looking, caring more about the consequences of what punishment will do for society rather the act of punishment itself (Dolinko, 2003, pg. 75). With capital punishment, it can be seen as both general deterrence, deterring other criminals from committing the same crime; and incapacitation of the offenderShow MoreRelatedPunishment and Sentencing Paper1278 Words   |  6 PagesPunishment and Sentencing Paper CJA/224 Garrett LeGrange September 17, 2010 There are many different philosophies that are in use in the court systems when determining what sort of punishment will be imposed on someone who is found guilty of committing a crime. These philosophies are in use in both the adult courts and juvenile courts. The juvenile court system is similar to the adult courts, but there are many differences between the two. Both court systems try and keep crime from happeningRead MoreThe Punishment Of A Criminal854 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent philosophies behind the punishment of a criminal include just about every moral justification that crosses a human being’s mind. The ideology behind philosophies of punishment in the criminal justice system has mainly derived from the globally understood â€Å"An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth† from the Old Testament and the clichà © â€Å"The punishment must fit the crime† concerning retributive punishment. Both of these statements involve retributive punishment. This is because most of the criminalRead MoreDeterrence And Rational Choice Theory777 Words   |  4 Pages Throughout the world crime is happening every single day. Yes, some people may feel as if the deterrence theory does not work. Due to the fact that crime still happens in the world. This essay will look at the support for the theory. As well as the key problems for the theory. Next, it will explain some of the newest directions in deterrence/rational choice theory. Finally, it will either agree/disagree with someone’s thought on deterrence and how it does not work and is a waste of time to studyRead MoreDr. Cesare Beccaria As The Father Of Deterrence Theory1563 Words   |  7 PagesJuveniles around the United States are committing crimes every day. When they commit these crimes, they may not know of the consequences that come with committing the crimes until they get caught. These young children or teenagers need to start learning the consequences of committing a crime before they grow older because if they do not learn, they will make their life miserable. The deterrence theory would be a perfect way to keep these young people out of trouble. Deterrence would play a huge roleRead MoreDeterrence Does Not Work? Essay1673 Words   |  7 Pagescould be that the harsher the crime, the harsher the punishment for many of the crimes committed. It could mean that it does not work because the offender maybe becomes aware of the punishment. However, it could be because of the notion of impulsivity which connected and is almost everywhere within a society where there has been a connection to the idea of rational choices, which has a role when it comes to the way people have been thinking about committing the crime of any shape or form. HoweverRead MoreCapital Punishment Should Be Allowed Or Not?927 Words   |  4 PagesIn the United States of America, the issue of capital punishment is one of the major controversial topics which is being debated over and over du e to different ideologies of people. Many support the use of death penalty but other oppose the use of this form of punishment because they think it’s barbaric. There are numerous reasons why some individuals believe that capital punishment should be allowed or not. Most of these individual’s beliefs are influenced by religion, the Constitution, and deterrenceRead MorePhilosophy of Punishment: Deterrence General and Specific1084 Words   |  5 PagesPhilosophy of Punishment: Deterrence General and Specific Sentencing Model: Indeterminate Sentencing For the philosophy of punishment I chose deterrence, specifically because of the goals and benefit this philosophy. The deterrence punishment is divided in to two separate categories. First on is the general deterrence, the goal of general deterrence is to prevent non-offenders (those who’ve not committed a crime) from committing crimes by exposing non-offenders to the realityRead MoreDeterrence Theory Is The Rational Choice Theory992 Words   |  4 PagesDeterrence theory is the basis and the ultimate desired outcome to deter crime in the United States (Feldmeyer, 2015). That has not always been true. There has been a period in U.S. history, 1960’s and 1970’s that Rehabilitation Theory was considered the method of choice (Feldmeyer, 2015). Rehabilitation Theory, including treatment, was to treat the â€Å"illness† rather than place heavier sanctions such as incapacitation. Even though Rehabilitation is not the predominate approach used today , it is stillRead MoreHow Rational Choice And Deterrence Theory Around The World1547 Words   |  7 Pageshave been where they grow up and what they sense as a child with their parents or in just in the neighborhood. But that’s not just the end we then begin with when crimes do take place how can we show the criminal and society how the Criminal Justice System use it to deterred crime from happen and make people think twice of commit a crime again. Now I’m going to talk about these two topic more broad and let you in on how Rational Choice and Deterrence Theory around the world most places then otherRead MoreContemporary Classicism In Criminology710 Words   |  3 Pagesforms of punishment that dominated society in the time. This period is known as ‘the enlightenment period’ and the first traces of contemporary classicism are found in a booked by Cesare Beccaria titled ‘On crime and punishment’ (Beccaria, 1765). Classism has changed the way society views and deals with crime, bringing us into a modern criminal justice era. Prior to 1764, crime was viewed as a ‘sin’ and considered to be a sign of the devil in an individual with approaches to dealing with crimes focused

Research Paper on Abortion Free Essays

The ethics of abortion is one of the most controversial topic that has been continually argued over years and probably many years to come. The main controversy is the question of legalization of abortion, which ties into ethical issues, emotions, and political issues or laws. Before I discuss the many sides to abortion, it is critical to define the term. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Abortion or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Webster’s Dictionary defines abortion as the termination of a pregnancy after, accompanied by, resulting in, or closely followed by the death of the fetus. Despite the liberal attitudes toward abortion, it still remains an important political issue. Even in societies where abortion has been legalized, many actions are being raised by the anti-abortionists. These anti-abortionists believe in â€Å"pro-life† and their religious perspectives are responsible in their arguments against abortion. They believe that â€Å"it is equally as heinous intentionally to kill a human being in existence at fertilization, as to kill a larger pre-born child. † On the other hand, there are reasons for legalization of abortion. Most people agree with the concept of reproductive freedom—the fundamental right of every individual to decide freely and responsibly when and whether to have a child. Human life is defined as â€Å"any living entity that has DNA from the species homo sapiens. This includes an ovum, spermatozoon, zygote, embryo, fetus, newborn. It also includes an infant, child, adult, elder. It also includes a breast cancer cell and a hair follicle and a skin scraping. Some forms of human life have little or no value; others are the most valuable and precious form of life in the known universe†. Because an unborn fetus is considered to have a human life, abortion should not be legalized. It is a definitely a crime to kill a living and breathing fetus even though the embryo may not take the form of a human structure. If abortion is permitted, the dignity of human will be destroyed. In the medical field, the doctors prescribe the baby before 15 days after conception as dividing cells. But after this short period, abortion is prohibited from the principal of identifying. This is because the fertilization process contains many cell divisions by zygote progressing into a human being. Many people assert the right that women do not have a baby because they have the right to choose. But it is neglecting the right of the baby who has his or her own life. Just because an unborn fetus is not capable to express his or her feelings, is it morally right to end its life? Considering moral issues, abortion is definitely equally termed a murder. However, I do understand the other point of view for legalizing abortion. The exception to abortion is considered when the mother bearing the child has illnesses or diseases that can be transmitted to the baby genetically. Also, financial issues are often being raised by the parents whom are not able to support another family in the house. In this case, abortion may be permitted because it is rather better to not be alive than be living under such poor conditions. Furthermore, abortion is considered as a rightful act when the women get pregnant from rape. Some people may generally think that a crippled person is pessimistic about the world. But in fact, they thank their parents who gave life to them. The life as a handicapped person could be better than not experiencing life at all. If it’s not by the force of other one, people must take the responsibility for their behavior. Every action you make comes in consequences and therefore, it is important to choose birth controls if pregnancy is not wanted. If the reason that causing abortion is merely a problem of foster, it is never permitted. We must keep in mind that life is most precious thing in the world. It is estimated that the number of aborted babies is almost 4000 in a month. Vast majority of abortions are done for convenience, by women who simply want to terminate an unwanted pregnancy. But abortion is a murder. So, now is the time for us to think about the abortion again and to search for the best solution. In any circumstances, the life must be admired. Work Cited http://www.religioustolerance.org/abortion.htm http://abortion-alternatives.adoption.com/ http://www.friesian.com/abortion.htm How to cite Research Paper on Abortion, Essay examples

Essay About Violence At School Example For Students

Essay About Violence At School From decade to decade, there has been a new type of fad to sweep the country. In the 50s it was dancing and having fun. In the 60s it was to dress freely and avoid the draft. The 70s were full of pot smoking has-beens, the 80s big hair and radical clothing. From the smallest of fades, the children in the 90s have taken a whole new approach to the game. The changed the rules, that would affect the country for the rest of their existence. The fad? To act out in violence in school against eachother, not just fist to fist physical altercation, but from one boys fathers gun to another. The new fad is to take a school by a surprise attack and make news headlines. Quite a change from the early 50s. So the question that boggles ever Americans mind, is why and how we allowed these children to invade and inhabit our lives and allow them to take the control they have at this point. The question can only be answered by figuring out the exact problem to a T. We need to figure out every aspect of what they are doing. What are the exact statistics on the teen crime rate? How can we stop it? Lets start by recognizing the problem and deal with it from there. Here is the first step. Here are some solutions to the high rising problem, I have supplied part of the solution, it is now up to the public to take action. Three-quarters or more of all schools reported having zero tolerance policies for various student offenses. Zero tolerance policy was defined as a school or district policy that mandates predetermined consequence/s or punishments for specific offenses. About 90 percent of schools reported zero tolerance policies for firearms (94 percent) and weapons other than firearms. Eighty-seven and 88 percent had policies of zero tolerance for alcohol and drugs, respectively. Seventy-nine percent had a zero tolerance policy for violence and 79 percent had a zero tolerance policy for tobacco. Tobacco seems to be a rising problem on its own, and we as citizens, teachers and peers, need to do more to let the children know that this behavior is unacceptable, that they are in fact still children. Another way to help stop the problem is Requiring School UniformsPublic school principals were presented with a list of crimes and asked to report the number of incidents of each type of crime that had occurred at their schools during the 1996-97 school year. The crimes about which schools were asked were murder, suicide, rape or other type of sexual battery, physical attack or fight with a weapon, robbery, physical attack or fight without a weapon, theft or larceny, and vandalism. Respondents were provided with definitions for each of these types of crime. Under the assumption that crimes or offenses reported to police would be more accurately recalled, schools were asked to report only those incidents for which the police or other law enforcement representatives had been contacted. It was also assumed that requiring a benchmark of law enforcement contact would minimize subjective judgment about which incidents to include. Only crimes occurring at the school, including those that took place in school buildings, on school grounds, on school buses, and at school-sponsored events or activities, but not officially on school grounds, were to be reported. While student victimization and teacher-reported data on crimes occurring at school have been collected and reported elsewhere, school principals were asked to report unduplicated incidents at the school level. During 1996-97, about 4,000 incidents of rape or other types of sexual battery were reported in our nations public schools. There were about 11,000 incidents of physical attacks or fights in which weapons were used and 7,000 robberies in schools that year. About 190,000 fights or physical attacks not involving weapons also occurred at schools in 1996-97, along with about 115,000 thefts and 98,000 incidents of vandalism. Because the sample size was not large enough to produce reliable estimates for very rare events, the survey was not able to estimate either the percentage of schools experiencing one or more incidents of murder or suicide or the total numbe r of these crimes that occurred at public schools during 1996-97. For example, in the sample of 1,234 public schools, murder was not reported by any of the schools and, similarly, only 4 schools in the sample reported any incidents of suicide. The rarity of the occurrence of these crimes at school, given the sample size of the study, precluded the generation of reliable national estimates. In a descriptive case study of violent deaths in schools, Kachur, estimated that there were 105 school-associated violent deaths including 85 murders occurring at schools during a 2-year period from 1992 to 1994. We see these statistic on almost a daily basis, and yet we sit and wonder why it is not decreasing. Because we are just sitting here in awe thats why. We need to get up and take back control. Three percent of all public schools require students to wear uniforms. About one-fourth (26 percent) of these schools initiated the requirement prior to the 1994-95 school year, 40 percent initiated it between the 1994-95 and 1995-96 school years, and 34 percent initiated it in 1996-97. Uniforms were more likely to be required in schools with a high percentage of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch (11 percent in schools with 75 percent or more free or reduced-price lunch eligibility) compared with schools in which less than 50 percent of students were eligible schools with 50 percent or more minority enrollment were also more likely to require student uniforms than those with lower minority enrollment (13 percent compared with 2 percent or less). Schools reported on whether the following actions were taken:;#61623; Visitors were required to sign in;;#61623; Access to school grounds was controlled;;#61623; Access to the school building was controlled;;#61623; School campuses were closed for most students during lunch;;#61623; Students had to pass through metal detectors daily;;#61623; Random metal detector checks were performed; and;#61623; Schools conducted drug sweeps (e.g., locker searches, dog searches). French, Spanish, and English Colonization EssayOur personal opinion on the subject is that we need to take a stand against the idiots. We need to stop giving them specials on TV that are all about them and them only and teach others that what they are doing is not going to give them a dateline special, rather a life sentence without parole, or punishment by death. Whatever the action we decide to take it needs to be taken now, it has come to far and is completely out of control. Someone needs to let these monsters take responsibility for their action, instead of sympathizing with them saying they were molested as a kid or come from a broken home. Save the sob story. There are a lot of people in the world who have gone through a lot of this and a lot worse and dont take their misfortunes out on other people. We all need to unite together to make sure there isnt another incident at our school, or a neighboring school. The statistics above are completely outrageous, and unacceptable. We need to get off our can and take some action. Psychology

The Beginning Of The End For The Postal Monopoly Essays

The Beginning of the End for the Postal Monopoly The Beginning of the End for the Postal Monopoly The Postal Service has been a government agency since 1775, and since 1872 it has been illegal for anyone but government employees to deliver a letter. Because of this and many other reasons, the USPS is a prevalent example of a government-controlled monopoly. The United States Postal Service is the largest postal service in the world. With over 800,000 employees (778,171 being part-time lobbyists), it is the US's largest employer. In the past few years, the Postal Service's profits have risen and productivity has declined. This essay will discuss why this is happening, and look deeper into the government-controlled monster that is the Postal Service. In the 1980's, few scholars focused on the Postal Service, and today there are many. This is because of all of the controversial issues that have been discovered regarding it. The USPS handles over 43% of the world's mail volume, and Japan is in second with 6%. The USPS is also the largest airline shipper in the United States. The USPS delivers about 102 billion pieces of first class mail every year, and 20% of these letters arrive late. The average household gets 24 pieces of first-class mail every week, so almost 5 of these every week arrive late. In New York City in 1998, only 52% of the mail were delivered on time. Swimming champion Mary Meager had her parents send her the 2 gold medals that she won in the Olympics; the medals vanished when her parents sent them via USPS Express Mail. Why are these facts so appalling? Most of it can be blamed on the unproductive postal workers. Postal workers, who are considered unskilled, make over $35,000 a year, and that number keeps increasing. These are very high wages for an unskilled worker. The workers also waste a considerable amount of time. A survey by the Postal Inspection service discovered that the average letter carrier wasted 1 hours every day. Basically, 23% of all postal workers time is unproductive. A GAO study found that the average worker takes 50 days of paid leave every year. And sometimes, mail sent with the USPS doesn't even get delivered. There are numerous stories of Postal employees stealing mail. For instance, in Chicago, 2,300 lbs. of undelivered mail were discovered at a postal worker's home. Once in Rhode Island, 94,000 letters were found buried at a letter carrier's home. A Colorado carrier was arrested after 3 tons of undelivered mail was found at his home. These are just a few of the stories of the workers keeping mail as their own. And some undelivered mail isn't even because of employees stealing mail. During the 1970's, the CIA opened mail routinely. The reason behind this is because of the spying going on at this time between the U.S. and Russia, but this is still unnecessary. A Postal Inspection Service audit found properly addressed mail dumped in the trash at 76% of the Post Offices visited. This number is completely unnecessary and uncalled-for. At USPS headquarters, there are 11 members of the board and 50 economists, accountants, and lawyers on the commission. With all of these workers, you would think that the service wouldn't be having problems like this. The Postmaster General is the head of the service. The current Postmaster General is Marvin T. Runyon. Former Postmaster General William Henderson had this to say about the Postal monopoly: "...I believe that the Postal monopoly will not last forever." Hopefully, he is right. According to Henderson, one in every 200 letters is delayed or missorted. In 1970, the USPS created the Postal Reorganization Act, trying to be redeemed. This was when the service officially became the United States Postal Service. Before that, it was just the Post Office. This Act had limited accomplishments. When the service was losing vast amounts of money in 1979, there was talk of privatizing it, but nothing pulled through. Many people hope that the service would once again consider privatization. If the Postal Service did privatize, it would be the tenth largest company in the U.S. The USPS attempted reorganization again in 1983, and once more in 1993. Both attempted reorganizations failed miserably. The Zone Improvement Plan (ZIP) codes were introduced 1990's; this code added 4 non-required digits, for 9 in all. Since 1958, the price of a postage stamp has increased in 1963. In the early by 825%, and in the last 20 years, that price has increased by 18 cents. On January 10, 1999, postage rates for non-profit organizations increased by

Crm Practises In The Indian Hotel Industry Tourism Essays

Crm Practises In The Indian Hotel Industry Tourism Essays Crm Practises In The Indian Hotel Industry Tourism Essay Crm Practises In The Indian Hotel Industry Tourism Essay Customer is the most of import individual for a concern. He is non an break to our work but the intent of it. He is non an foreigner ; he is a portion of it. We are non making him a favor ; he is making us a favor by giving us an chance to function him. ( By Mahatma Gandhi ) CRM includes all facets of interaction a company has with its client, whether it is, pre-sales, gross revenues or post-sales ( service related ) . Customer relationship direction ( CRM ) is a scheme that can assist them to construct durable relationships with their clients and increase their net incomes. The client demands can be categorized as: ( a ) Service ( B ) Monetary value ( degree Celsius ) Quality ( vitamin D ) Action and ( vitamin E ) Appreciation. ( By Raghunath A ; Shields 2001 ) CRM can take to cross-selling and up merchandising of merchandises and services. Cross-selling agencies selling the right merchandise to the right client. 1.2 Hospitality Industry Hospitality is all about offering heat to person who looks for aid at a strange or unfriendly topographic point. It refers to the procedure of having and entertaining a invitee with good will. Hospitality in the commercial context refers to the activity of hotels, eating houses, catering, hostel, resorts or nines who make a career of handling tourers. The cordial reception industry is a 3.5 trillion dollar service sector within the planetary economic system. It is an umbrella term for a wide assortment of service industries including, non limited to, hotels, nutrient service, casinos, and touristry. The cordial reception industry is really diverse and planetary. The industry is cyclical ; dictated by the fluctuations that occur with an economic system every twelvemonth. Today cordial reception sector is one of the fastest turning sectors in India. It is expected to turn at the rate of 8 % between 2009 and 2016. 1.3 Indian Hotel Industry Harmonizing to a study, Hotel Industry in India presently has supply of 110,000 suites and there is a deficit of 150,000 suites fuelling hotel room rates across India. Harmonizing to estimations demand is traveling to transcend supply by at least 100 % over the following 2 old ages. Five-star hotels in metro metropoliss allot same room, more than one time a twenty-four hours to different invitees, having about 24-hour rates from both invitees against 6-8 hours usage. Hotel rates in India are likely to lift by 25 % yearly and tenancy by 80 % , over the following two old ages. Hotel Industry in India is traveling to witness a roar with Delhi hosting 2010 Commonwealth Games. 2. Scope of the Study This survey aims to understand the stairss taken by the hotel industry to better their relationship with their clients. The survey would be limited to documenting the practises and plans followed by merely the taking participants in the hotel industry. The survey would analyze the stairss taken by the taking participants to heighten client keeping, client satisfaction, and client delectation which leads to constructing the trade name image in the heads of the clients and hence increased profitableness. 3. Aims of the Study To analyze Customer Relationship Management in the Hotel Industry . To analyze the plans and patterns of CRM employed by the taking hotels in India. To analyze the steps to construct a better relationship between the client and the cordial reception unit. To understand the new selling attacks in hotel industry. To analyze how CRM helps to retain clients. 4. Research Methodology The survey involves secondary research of the similar surveies done in past, hotel duty cards, magazines, newspapers, articles, and cyberspace and company records. The type of informations taken into consideration for this subject is the Secondary informations. This survey is descriptive in nature while it seeks to place the present scenario of the patterns being followed by the taking hotels in India for heightening client keeping, satisfaction and trueness. 5. Restrictions of the Study A · Due to the handiness of merely secondary informations, hallmark of the information is non certain. A · Since the hallmark of the information is non certain, the consequence of the undertaking may non be precise. 6. CRM and the Hotel Industry Hotel Industry is a service sector where there is a major function played by relationship selling. Several large organisations have failed to cognize what the client truly wants and several others, after cognizing, could non truly interpret these demands into rescue. Hotels exist for no other grounds than to run into client demands and outlooks. CRM is a concern scheme to choose and pull off the most valuable client relationships. In cordial reception, each client relationship has value and should be managed efficaciously. There is chance for redemption and recommendation from each past client. The disposal of the information about this past invitee and the effectual integrating of the information into frontline invitee services plans is the challenge of CRM execution. Two parts of CRM: The operational CRM trades with those which make client contacts or otherwise called as touch points. Analytic CRM does the occupation of analysing the accumulated information from the assorted touch points with the assistance of concern intelligence. Integration of Customer Information through CRM: The informations beginnings may include guest history, external invitee profiling systems, eating house nine plans, gross revenues and providing system information and other informations. 6.1 Customer profiling: Demographic and Psychographic information is collected and a big per centum of the client database is built. This is followed by the execution of effectual selling plans to pull similar clients to construct gross. 6.2 Direct selling: The use of the integrated client information for direct selling is the fruit of CRM attempt. Highly profitable offers can supply concern during slow periods. These offers can be communicated via mail or electronic mail. 6.3 Best customer/extraordinary service: It is true that the 20 % of clients contribute to 80 % of gross and therefore it becomes all the more of import to acquire the most profitable clients wholly satisfied. This involves really elaborate satisfaction analysis, combined with valid fiscal informations about each client all appended to the client database. It is the integrating of all the elements that cordial reception has to concentrate on: 1. Personally acknowledging clients ; 2. Offering appropriate value and great service to promote repetition concern ; 3. Sing that employee and guest satisfaction continues to better ; and 4. Beating the competition by offering a better merchandise, viing on the service experience instead than monetary value entirely. 7. Customer Relationship Management Software for the Hotel Industry Guest Ware is a alone Customer Relationship Management System ( CRMS ) designed specifically for the housing industry to supply individualized invitee acknowledgment and exceeding service quality. Leading hotel direction companies use Guest Ware to better guest satisfaction, lower operating costs, construct guest trueness, and increase revenues.Guest Ware is installed in over seven 100 hotels and resorts worldwide ; including Marriott International, Hyatt Hotels, Star wood and many independent hotels and resorts. Customer Acquisition is six times more dearly-won than Customer Retention. The undermentioned tools are provided by Guest Ware for Customer Retention. 7.1 Improvement Analysis Implement Process Improvement Industry studies show that invitees are less likely to return if they experience a job during their stay. Guest Ware s Improvement Analysis tools provides with the information to extinguish repeating jobs and maintain invitees coming back, so to take down operating costs and increase guest satisfaction at the same clip. ( Raghunath A ; Shields 2001 ) 7.2 Comment Card Tracking Listen to your Customers Customer study on eating house or an extended questionnaire of invitees, the GuestWare Comment Card Tracking system assists to pull off client feedback. Guest Ware improves productiveness in the follow-up procedure and supply valuable direction studies to maximise the benefits of studies. Develop comprehensive invitee profiles from reserve information and demonstrate to guests/customers that the belongings is in touch with their demands. Drive guest-centric informations down to the dealing degree, leting employees and guest-facing engineering to present greater value to the guest/customers. Generate a realistic profile on the disbursement and remain forms of invitees, leting the belongings to make guest-centric selling for increased trueness and disbursement. Examples: ITC Maurya Sheraton Field merchandising, Loyalty plans, Reservation systems, Web A ; Call centres are the major beginnings of database development. The hotel has 35,000 members in its database. They regard this direction of their database as an plus because it enables a superior client apprehension. Figure 1 GuestWare Enterprise Edition s Preference entry screen. Note Global Preferences denoted by ruddy G . The fast one is to acquire the relevant information in forepart of the line employees instead than maintaining it locked up in an offline analytical database or centralized system non available to hotel forces. An indispensable construct in discoursing guest acknowledgment is that of penchants. Capturing, retaining and doing effectual usage of expressed client penchants is the kernel of guest acknowledgment. The platform shops and communicates planetary or cosmopolitan penchants for the guest across all hotels in the company ( smoking or newspaper penchants, for illustration ) . Yet it besides supports the gaining control of local penchants, unique to the single belongings, so that a penchant of room off from snowmaking appears at the ski resort, but non the halfway metropolis belongings. 7.3 Using the Database: Product and service betterment is merely one consequence of tapping into a database. Developing particular publicities and using direct mail to advance these runs is another major usage of database selling. For illustration: A gross revenues squad of Mughal Sheraton, Agra had completed a reappraisal of an approaching weekend. This reappraisal revealed that engagements to day of the month were slightly below prognosis and that a particular publicity may be done in order to rush up the concern. The gross revenues squad so enveloped particular publicity packing to promote engagements for weekends. They searched their welcome interruption vacation bundle database and scratched it to place and section the clients who tend to: Book on long weekends Book on a short term footing Respond to promotional runs It is aggressive merchandising to the possible clients who have peculiar demands and wants. ( Sheth, 2002 ) 7.4 Database Mining The systems analysis tools allow users to profile their most profitable clients, analyze their purchasing wonts, develop amp ; measure the public presentation of targeted selling runs. The biggest advantage of database excavation is that it helps to concentrate the attempts and available resources into one way which is most profitable and out-base excavation helps to extinguish the non-profitable clients and hence reduces the costs and enhances the net incomes. The net incomes enhanced are non merely in pecuniary footings but besides in footings of client trueness and long term keeping. ( Rmana A ; Somayajulu, 2005 ) 7.5 Relationship Selling Relationship selling is cognizing the client and utilizing that information to bond with them. Form the initial personal contact and so function as the foundation for fostering this brief brush into a friendly and adjustment relationship by concentrating on personal invitee information. In add-on to cognizing the purchase wonts of members ( room choice, certain agreeableness penchants, and so forth ) , personal information such as partner s name and avocations are added to a member database. The company uses this information to orient particular events and merchandises to little sections of the rank. ( Swift, 2001 ) 7.6 Complaint Handling It is estimated that 90 per centum of disgruntled clients whose jobs were non solved will neer make concern with the retail merchants that sold them the merchandise nor will they once more buy the merchandise that caused the job. In instance of hotels customer/guest is more likely to exchange if the provided service is non satisfactory to their outlook. The amazing intelligence is that those people who do ailment and have their job taken attention of, be given to be more loyal to the company than the people who were satisfied in the first topographic point. First companies see ailments as chances to better, to affect clients and to turn kicking clients into loyal 1s. ( Schneider and Bowen, 1999 ) 7.6 Priority Selling Priority Marketing focuses on what s of import to the client. What is of import to one client nevertheless, may non be every bit of import to another. See the varying demand placed on a hotel: An air hose air hostess may happen the 24 hr room-service highly valuable, a retired twosome may necessitate dietetic bill of fare options, a tour jobber may prefer low monetary values, and a immature female executive considers a security a precedence. Hotels should interrupt down their services and ask clients what is of import to them. This attack can field really valuable penetration about altering client penchants. Identifying groups of clients who have similar penchants or even similar gustatory sensations ( such as sharing common perceptual experiences of quality or provinces ) , hotels can aim publicities to capitalise on known features and individualise the experience. 8. Some Hotels who excel in Customer Relationship Management 8.1 ITC WELCOME GROUP HOTELS ITC hotels stepped into the cordial reception industry in 1975 and are one of the most approaching hotel ironss in its category. They started their first hotel in Chennai and now they have 66 hotels across more than 50 finishs in India. ITC collaborated with Sheraton hotels, which is a portion of Starwood hotels and resorts and is a well-known planetary cordial reception concatenation. They were the first 1s to follow this sole logo which has non been thought or taken by anyone to fit this The Namaste-Nobody gives you India like we do . It is represented by four typical trade names functioning the demands of the travellers, viz. : ITC Hotels Super deluxe and premium hotels in strategic concern location. Welcome Hotels Five Star first category cordial reception for concern and leisure travellers. Fortune Hotels and Resorts Full service cordial reception at mid-level monetary values for concern travellers and leisure travellers. Welcome Heritage Palaces, garrisons, havelis, resorts and places that conveying alive the history and love affair of India s heritage. 8.2 THE OBEROI GROUP OF HOTELS The Oberoi Group of Hotel has played a prima function in the growing of the hotel industry in India. Oberoi hotels today operate the largest concatenation of luxury hotels with 30 hotels in 9 states and are quickly spread outing into new finishs around the universe. In order to guarantee individualized attending to all invitees, anexclusive pantryman service has besides been introduced on all floors. The Oberoi has 8 floors with even numbered suites confronting towards the Golf Course ( pool side ) and uneven numbered suites confronting Humayun s Tomb ( monument side ) . Leisure Facilities: Health nine, Swiming pool, Delhi Golf Club installations. Particular services: Bank, Barber Shop, Shoe Shine, Beauty Parlor, Laundry, Drug Store, Flower Shop, Book Shop, Mercury Travels ( fining A ; auto hire ) , Executive Center ( Typing, Fax, Photostatting, Board room ) etc. Shops: Shoping Arcade located at the anteroom degree. 8.3 TAJ GROUP OF HOTELS Taj group of hotels is the largest concatenation in India- with several Hotels abroad besides. The parent Hotel-The Taj Mahal Hotel, Bombay is rated among the 10 best hotels in the universe. Taj has been runing in the USA, the UK, the Maldives, Oman and Srilanka and the Taj Empire continues to spread out farther. Today Taj has 50 Hotels of which 48 are operational, 38 finishs and is the largest Hotel concatenation in the state. Merely one hotel group knows India and South Asia so good, and does so with such masterful manner. The singularity of the Taj Group lies in the amount of its parts in supplying a living heritage of India, together with superb amenitiess and modern installations. All of these combine to do The Taj Experience a must. The Taj Club It is a known fact that a concern traveler is a much pampered individual indulged with amenitiess and comfortss unheard of even a decennary ago. However a longing has doubtless arisen for a particular privilege, an interior sanctum, an Exclusive Club. Born of desire, The Taj Group of Hotels offers the Taj nine which offers alone universe of installations and privileges, both indispensable and extraordinary. Business Centre It offers several utile installations 24-hrs a twenty-four hours, seven yearss a hebdomad. These include Facsimile, Internet, E-mail, Color photocopying and legal library, every bit good as laptops, metropolis beepers and nomadic phones on rental footing. Taj Palace Business Centre is designed to give the best to the concern community who do necessitate sophisticated communicating installations and other appliances to remain connected to the remainder of the universe while at the Hotel. With no hyperbole it could be said that the guest gets the best of best services and installations which are more than necessary for a modern concern adult male, and besides feel at place piece at work. The hotel calls this construct An office off from place . Other Services A ; Facilities: A · 24-hour room service A · Free safe sedimentation cabinets A · Express laundry/ prohibitionist cleansing A · Purified H2O supply A · Doctor-on-call A · Full-equipped Business Centre A · 24-hour fax/ teletypewriter installations. A · 3 Meeting suites A · Work station handiness A · Laptops on hire A · Secretarial service A · Knight Rider online service A · Currency Exchange A · Travel aid . Car hire service A · 24-hour Coffee Shop A · 6 Restaurants A ; Parallel barss A · Night Club A · 8 epicurean Banquet Rooms A · Shopping arcade A · Fitness Centre A · Agreements made for golf and tennis 9. CRM Practises at Some of the top Hotels: 9.1. ITC GROUP OF HOTELS ITC MAURYA SHERATON DEFINES CRM AS: Customer Relationship Management is a procedure of pull offing client dealingss in an organized manner . They aim at pull offing each Moment Of Truth that is experienced by the client. There are assorted contact points where the hotel comes in direct contact with the client which are known as Touch points in the CRM linguistic communication. These touch points are considered of import as there is direct interaction with the client and they provide valuable input to the hotel. The input provided by the client has to be captured in such a manner that it becomes information and can be used by assorted procedures within the hotel. This can be done with the aid of engineering and the purpose is that whenever there is a client interface with any of those procedures they are able to utilize that information in serving the invitee in a most efficient mode. ITC Maurya Sheraton has been following an unstructured signifier of CRM with a narrow focal point of functioning the client well and in a most efficient mode. The construct of Customer Relationship Management has a broader focal point of non merely functioning the client but besides making the client and retaining him for measurable and significant returns. CRM is a huge topic where the construct of one to one selling is supported by Database Marketing. CRM procedure at ITC Maurya Sheraton has been divided in 2 stairss: 1. Designation of all Customer Relationship direction vehicles 2. Integration of these Customer Relationship direction vehicles DATA CAPTURE VEHICLES Maurya Sheraton has identified 5 such vehicles ( from marketing point of position ) which are besides the touch points for the hotel in the procedure of pull offing its Customer Relationship. These vehicles are: Field merchandising Loyalty Plans Distribution Points Web Call Centers 9.1.1 Field Selling When a gross revenues group or a selling executive of the hotel makes a gross revenues call to a corporate, so it is called Field Selling. Field Selling includes Prospecting which means searching and seeking for new clients. Current Histories are one of the best beginnings to bring out new concern that is within these current histories, as they harbor many beginnings of untapped concern potency. They besides provide Leads and referrals. Leads are possible clients with whom no contact has yet been made and larning of possible clients from current clients is called Referral. 9.1.2 Loyalty Plans Second vehicle for CRM identified by Maurya Sheraton are the Loyalty Programs. These plans are designed to honor the loyal invitees of the hotel. Every clip a invitee cheques in the hotel at his every touch point or interface with the hotel, every clip he spends on a service provided by the hotel ( usage of Room, Restaurant, Laundry, Telephones etc. ) , the dealing is recorded at each single point and is added to the concluding measure presented to the invitee at the terminal of the stay. There are certain points attached to the figure of rupees spent by the invitee. Therefore higher the sum of the measure, the higher will be the figure of points attained by the invitee. These points are credited to the history of each invitee with the aid of engineering. These are called Loyalty points. These histories holding the trueness points are alone to every invitee. Therefore, whenever after the first clip that guest cheques into the hotels, the guest history besides affects the trueness points. The higher the figure of points, more loyal is the invitee. The points can be redeemed by the invitee for either free corsets at the hotel or free gifts as listed by the hotel or free repasts depending upon the figure of points accumulated. The aim of holding a trueness programme is non merely to do the guest feel rewarded for his stay but besides cross-sell other services which can be used by the invitee like wash, telephones, eating houses etc. and the gross generated from these could be earned by the hotel. Therefore, alternatively of loss of gross by supplying free stay, they really gain the gross every bit good as certain clients for life with the aid of the trueness. 9.1.3 Distribution Points/ Central Reservation System A client can merely do a call at the reserve Centre to do a engagement with the hotel. It sounds simple but it could acquire complex in instance he does non have the expected or the coveted response. The information sing all guest reserves is managed through computing machine package, hence, when a client brand calls to question about a reserve, all his hotel usage history pops up in the system which gives a opportunity to the executive at the reserves to immediately acknowledge the client and reference him by his name. This minute of truth is experienced by the client with a feeling of acknowledgment and feels it as good service at the first touch point itself. The input or direction received from the client at the phase is recorded in the reserve system for farther mention by the hotel operations. 9.1.4 World Wide Web ITC has an information portal which merely allows the client to bespeak a reserve which has to be checked manually by the hotel reserves and so merely the verifications are given. This is a touch point of client relationship because a speedy and accurate response could win you a client. And since it is on an single footing, it is more individualized and customized because the client puts in his penchants when bespeaking a engagement. Therefore, once it is entered in to the hotel s informations base the client does non hold to reiterate his penchant as they are automatically suggested by the reserve signifier on the cyberspace. 9.1.5 Call Centers ITC Maurya has a Call centre dedicated to serving the trueness programme members. Here the clients can name in and happen out about any information related to their rank. Whether question relates to accumulation or salvation of points, it can be accessed through these centres. This installation has been outsourced by Maurya and is out of the premises of the hotel. This has been done to serve the quest in a most individualized and efficient mode. Call centres can now even be accessed via electronic mail as it is the most cost effectual and clip effectual manner of accessing 9.1.6 OTHER INCENTIVES TO THE CUSTOMERS BY ITC WELCOME GROUP HOTELS Welcome Award Honoring Relationships Welcome Award has earned the differentiation of being India s premier and most powerful frequent invitee programme. The Welcome Award programme recognizes client as a concern traveller and through its strategic confederations with travel spouses enterprises to construct a rewarding relationship client. As a Welcome Award member clients can gain Stars on every facet of their concern tripaˆÂ ¦hotel corsets, concern amusement, Car leases and even air travel. Welcome Link- Bring place the wagess Welcome Link, India s most popular programme for cardinal professionals offers many value-added benefits. It is designed to assist members in doing reserves for their company executives. For every materialized room dark booked by a member at ITC-Welcome group Hotel, points are earned that can be redeemed for a broad scope of wagess. With Welcome Link, the member can look frontward to many exciting publicities and awards coming their manner plus an exciting scope of wagess, complimentary dining, free vacations, air tickets, auto leases and privilege shopping with Citibank Diners Gift Vouchers countrywide. ITC s STEPS IN THE CRM PROCESS: The first measure in CRM is for the internal client ie the employees. At Maurya, they are trained to larn more about the invitee and his background so that when he talks to the invitee, he can strike a conversation that is of some involvement to the invitee. That may non be needfully related to his stay at the hotel but these informal conversations with the invitee can assist construct an first-class resonance with the invitee which will take the guest to cognize the employee by the name. In future interactions, it is possible that the invitee may merely wish that most of his work done through that employee. This is besides a signifier of customized and individualized merchandising within the hotel. The 2nd measure in CRM procedure is to incorporate the information which is received through touch points. From a selling point of position, it is of import to acquire the desired input back from touch points in such a manner that all the spots and pieces picked up by different touch points can be organized and used as valuable information by assorted other touch point to offer the right merchandise to the right client and that excessively at the right clip. All this is done by making a information base 9.2 THE OBEROI GROUP OF HOTELS Oberoi has a really loyal backing from its invitees, which has ensured a high market portion in the high-end section of the market, which they cater to. CRM PROCESS AT THE OBEROI GROUP OF HOTELS Harmonizing to the Oberoi the terms-Customer Relationship Management and Relationship Marketing are used interchangeably therefore they do non hold a separate CRM section as the sketching maps of the CRM procedure are integrated in the Gross saless and Marketing operation. They use a assortment of after gross revenues tactics for client bonding and trueness. Co-operative and collaborative relationships with clients seem to be the most prudent manner to maintain paths their changing outlooks and suitably act uponing it. The Oberoi has ensured the above by the assorted end user and booker plans such as: ( Starkov, 2006 ) 9.2.1 Top The Oberoi Plus This is an end-user plan with an enrolment fee of Rs.575 merely. It is good for invitees who use the services of the hotel. Each clip a invitee spends, he accumulates points which can be redeemed for any services of the hotel. By inscribing and honoring clients with the aid of this plan, the hotel ensures that a greater bonding towards long-run client keeping. They have besides tied up with the air hoses for interchangeable salvation of points. 9.2.2 Connections Bookers Program Bookers are an of import nexus in happening an existent sale therefore they need to be kept motivated to force the hotel when the reserves are made by a corporate history. Each clip a booking agent gives as reserve to the hotel he gets recognition points for that and which can be redeemed for gifts or any hotel services. 9.2.3 Food Festivals The Oberoi conducts assorted nutrient festivals at its Restaurants. Regularly and sends invitations to its more profitable Clients. 9.2.4 Tie-Ups The Oberoi invites top clients like CEO, Managing Directors and cardinal determination shapers of different companies to societal eventides specially arranged to further heighten the Customer relationship direction maps. 9.3 THE TAJ GROUP OF HOTELS The Taj Group is besides puting to a great extent on CRM systems to keep client databank with their profiles to give a quicker and individualized service to their loyal patronage. The Taj gives high precedence to guest satisfaction. They even have an SMS service to maintain path of lost/missed calls by the clients while they are off. They have employed applications like PMS, CRS and CIS to maintain path of clients profiles which includes information such as their disbursement forms and their particular demands besides. They employ informations excavation technique to acquire and move on informations and besides give recognition to the employees who get regards from the invitees. TAJ GROUP OF HOTELS TO ITS CUSTOMERS/GUESTS 1. Taj Inner Circle Taj Inner Circle, the frequent invitee programme, allows invitees to gain points whenever they stay or dine at The Taj. Guests can so deliver their points for specially selected wagess like complimentary corsets at Taj hotels, resorts, and castles. 2. Taj Epicure Plan The Taj Epicure Plan is an optional add-on dining program to the Taj Inner Circle. Members earn Epicure points for outgos incurred on nutrient and drinks, at take parting Taj eating houses in India. 3. About the Taj Inner Circle The Taj Inner Circle has three rank degrees Blue, Silver and Gold. Customers/Guests articulation at the Blue degree and get down gaining on their stay or dining or both disbursals at all Taj belongingss. To measure up for the Taj Inner Circle Silver rank degree, client demand to roll up 250 points in any uninterrupted 60-day period i.e. pass Rs.25,000 ( INR ) , excepting revenue enhancements, in any uninterrupted period of 60-days. Members who spend Rs.2,00,000 ( INR ) , excepting revenue enhancements, in uninterrupted 12-month period, will be automatically upgraded to Gold position. Gold card members enjoy enhanced privileges and accumulate points at a faster rate i.e. they earn at the rate of 1 point for every Rs.80 spent, excepting revenue enhancements. Gold and Silver card members of the Taj Inner Circl

Grow a Magic Crystal Christmas Tree

Grow a Magic Crystal Christmas Tree The magic part of the magic crystal Christmas tree is partly how quickly the crystals grow and partly the whole notion of a paper or sponge tree magically sprouting crystal foliage. This project is a variation on the charcoal crystal garden, except the crystals are grown on a tree form. Magic Crystal Tree Experiment Difficulty Level: BeginnerTime Required: OvernightMaterials: Salt, Water, Ammonia, Laundry BluingKey Concepts: Crystallization, Dissolving Magic Crystal Christmas Tree Materials 6 tablespoons or 90 ml water6 tablespoons or 90 ml table salt (preferably uniodized)6 tablespoons or 90 ml Mrs. Stewarts liquid laundry bluing1 tablespoon or 15 ml household ammoniaFood coloring (optional) Make the magic solution by dissolving the salt in the water and stirring in the bluing liquid and the ammonia. Grow a Magic Crystal Christmas Tree There are ​a  couple of different ways you can go here. You can cut a sponge into the shape of a Christmas tree, set it in a shallow dish, and pour the crystal solution over the sponge. Set the dish someplace where it wont be disturbed. You can dot the sponge with food coloring (like ornaments) if desired. Depending on the temperature and humidity, crystals may start to appear on the sponge Christmas tree in less than an hour. You should have a nice set of crystals if you let the dish sit out overnight. The other method is to cut out a cardboard or blotting paper Christmas tree. If you make two of these trees, you can cut one halfway down the top and the other halfway up from the bottom, match the cut ends together, and create a standing 3-dimensional tree. You can decorate your tree with food coloring ornaments. Set this tree in a shallow dish that contains the crystal growing solution. Crystal leaves will start to grow on your tree as the liquid is wicked up the paper and evaporates. If you cant get laundry bluing, you can get inexpensive kits to grow magic crystal Christmas trees.