The Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector Essay

The Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector The impact of information technology has been tremendous within the public sector. Over the years, the growth and development of technology has caused the public sector to change. One of the most significant changes in technology has been the evolution of the information systems and how their development has reshaped the way the world uses technology. â€Å"It has been just over fifty years since the worlds first programmable computer became operational. It cost millions of dollars to build and processed an unprecedented 5,000 instructions per second. By 1971, Intel was able to pack 25 times that power into a single, two hundred-dollar chip. Today’s personal computers process†¦show more content†¦E-mail Electronic mail is utilized by various local, state and federal entities. E-mail provides a high level of convenience and accuracy in communication. Over 40 million workers correspond via e-mail and that number is increasing 20% per year.[ii] Electronic mail (e-mail) is a form of correspondence that has become a popular form of communication in the public sector. Given its ease of use and convenience, e-mail is becoming the correspondence of choice through local, state and federal governments. E-mail is used to coordinate various levels of government, communicate information rapidly and disseminate information to a wide variety of persons in the quickest manner possible. E-mail also delivers cost benefits when compared to the cost of postal services. Computerization In todays public sector environment virtually all federal, state and local government use computers. Computerization has streamlined repetitive processes, promoting a more cost effective and efficient use of information technology. Studies suggest that managers look to information technology to streamline work processes, enable easier access and retrieval of information, provide better products and services, save money by avoiding workforce expansion, speed up transactions and provide better data security.[iii] Electronic Services In previous years, accessingShow MoreRelatedFood Retail Sector Of The Food Industry1660 Words   |  7 Pages 1.The sector of the food industry being investigated is food retail. Food retail involves the selling of food at all levels. The organisation I choose to investigate within the food retail sector is Woolworths. 2.Woolworths provide customers with a wide range of quality products. They offer high quality and fresh produce. They mostly sell food products ranging from frozen meals, tin foods, fresh bread, deli items, milk, soft drinks, and packet foods etc. But however they also sell clothes, personalRead MorePestle Analysis of Construction Industry Essay826 Words   |  4 PagesPESTEL ANALYSIS Political * The public spending on infrastructure is expected to decrease in many developed countries. Major part of this spending will be directed to the civil infrastructure due to the increasing concerns about sustainability. Investments in power station replacements, wind farms, waste management assets and other green initiatives will increase (The Economist 2010; Balfour Beatty, 2012). * Since governments in the emerging countries, especially in India, China and BrazilRead MoreAnalysis Of Usaid s Enterprise Transition Plan Essay1144 Words   |  5 Pagesprocesses as an Agency-wide solution to manage USAID’s global portfolio. 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The virtual monopoly of banks in `Payment Mechanism touches the lives of millions of people every day and every where. Thus the banking sector has been playingRead MoreThe Global Pharmaceutical Industry: Swallowing a Bitter Pill Essay836 Words   |  4 Pagesrates recorded in the emerging markets. Q1. Identify the main environmental forces currently affecting the global pharmaceutical industry. It is expected that all aspects of the PESTEL analysis will be addressed. Illustrative points are given here, but this is by no means exhaustive. Political – Government’s focus on the industry as an easy target in the drive to reduce healthcare expenditure; public outcry over safely alerts and international price comparisons; and public pressure to fund cancerRead MoreUAE Essay1002 Words   |  5 Pages2016 amid tightening liquidity, investor uncertainty and public spending cuts. 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Deviant Behavior in the Light of Conflict Theory Free Essays

Conflict theory is based on the idea that the main causes of crime and deviance are the economic and social differences among members of a society, prompting the have-nots to act out, if not to rob the haves. According to this theory, criminal law and the entire criminal justice system tend to be favorable toward the wealthy and the powerful elites, while the governmental policies are aimed at controlling only the needy and poor members of society. Moreover, the theory assumes that the entire criminal justice structure is aimed at compelling all members of society to accept the standards of good behavior and morality that are created by the rich and the powerful. We will write a custom essay sample on Deviant Behavior in the Light of Conflict Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now There is a focus on separation between the haves and the have-nots, so as to protect the haves from physical attacks by the have-nots, and also to protect them from being robbed. In the process, however, the rights of the poor and needy people could be ignored. The middle class, on the other hand, enjoys the legal rights of the elites by siding with them. These people believe that they might be able to rise in rank by backing up the status quo (â€Å"Conflict,† 2005). The simplistic conflict theory has been explained further thus: †¦[S]treet crimes, even minor monetary ones are routinely punished quite severely, while large scale financial and business crimes are treated much more leniently. Theft of a television might receive a longer sentence than stealing millions through illegal business practices. William Chambliss, in a classic essay â€Å"The Saints and the Roughnecks,† compared the outcomes for two groups of adolescent misbehavers. The first, a lower class group of boys, was hounded by the local police and labeled by teachers as delinquents and future criminals, while the upper-middle class boys were equally deviant, but their actions were Deviant Behavior in the Light of Conflict Theory 2 written off as youthful indiscretions and learning experiences (â€Å"Conflict†). Although there is truth to the conflict theory, it is only partial. Of a certainty, there are countless people counted among the rich and the powerful who have engaged in deviant behaviors. What is more, they have not found the law to be lax toward them. As an example, both of President George W. Bush’s daughters have been in trouble with the law (Montgomery, 2001). The daughter of the President’s brother, Florida Governor Jeb Bush, has also been arrested for deviant behavior (â€Å"Jeb,† 2002). The conflict theory does not apply in their cases. Nor does it apply in the case of Enron and Worldcom – rich businesses that should have been untouched by the laws of the land if the conflict theory were entirely true. Although there may be instances where the conflict theory correctly explains deviant behavior, it is obvious that this theory cannot be applied to all places in the world at all times. There are many nations in the world where corruption is the law of the land, and unfairness is the norm. In the developing regions of the world, in particular, the have-nots may rob the haves or simply act out because they are disturbed by the unfairness that is mete out to them. However, it is not correct to understand deviant behavior only in the light of the conflict theory. If we are to believe that it is conflict theory alone that explains deviant behavior in human beings, we would not have examples of the Bush daughters and Enron to consider. There are many theories to explain deviant behavior. The cultural transmission or the differential associations theory, for example, may compete with the conflict theory in explaining deviance. According to the cultural transmission theory, all kinds of behaviors, including deviant behavior, are learned. Furthermore, the young and therefore more impressionable Deviant Behavior in the Light of Conflict Theory 3 learners of deviance may have developed close relationships with their deviant teachers. With increasing contacts with deviant teachers, the young learners of deviance engage in increasingly deviant behaviors (â€Å"Sociological Theories†). The cultural transmission theory does not rule out the possibility that the children of the rich and the powerful may engage in deviant behaviors because they may have had deviant teachers. The conflict theory rules out this possibility entirely with its assumption that the societal norms are established by the rich and the powerful, so therefore they cannot possibly go against their own rules. As explained previously, this assumption of the conflict theory is not true, seeing that the rich and the powerful are also known to go against the societal norms, which they should have established for themselves and by themselves. The conflict theory is also not true one hundred percent in places where laws are created on the basis of unfairness and corruption. Even in such places, it is known that there are always people that try to work hard and honestly, despite the unfairness that is dealt out to them. In short, all people in ‘deviant’ places may not engage in deviant behaviors, even if the rich and the powerful have corrupted the government with bribes, etc. Yet another theory that conflicts with the conflict theory is the social control theory that explains why people may not engage in deviant behaviors. According to this theory, individuals may follow the societal norms because of their connecting social bonds (â€Å"Sociological Theories†). In other words, they may refuse to engage in deviant behaviors for the following reasons: (1) attachment — a measure of the connectedness between individuals; Deviant Behavior in the Light of Conflict Theory 4 (2) commitment — a measure of the stake a person has in the community; (3) involvement — a measure of the time/energy a person is spending on activities that are helpful to the community; (4) belief — a measure of the person’s support for the morals and beliefs of the community (â€Å"Sociological Theories†). If all poor and needy folks in an unfair society were to follow the societal norms because of their social contacts, the conflict theory would once again be rendered meaningless. It may be that some underprivileged folks with weak social bonds would engage in deviant behaviors in a corrupt society. In that case, however, the conflict theory would only apply to that small group of people. In actuality, such a group may be existent. Theoretically, however, it is possible for that group never to exist. Thus, the conflict theory may actually apply only in the cases of disgruntled, underprivileged folks who truly believe in righting the wrongs with wrongs. It would not apply in a corrupt society where underprivileged folks would like to work hard and honestly. And, neither would it apply in societies where the rich and the powerful are not exempt from the law. Therefore, the conflict theory is a naive theory, which, like most theories, does not explain reality in its entirety. References Conflict. (2005, Nov. 22). Florida State University. Retrieved Sep. 20, 2007, from http://www.criminology.fsu.edu/crimtheory/conflict.htm. Jeb Bush’s Daughter Charged with Prescription Fraud. (2002, Jan. 29). CNN. Retrieved Sep. 20, 2007, from http://archives.cnn.com/2002/US/01/29/jeb.bush.daughter.drugs/. Montgomery, A. (2001, Jun. 4). Jenna Bush may face jail on booze charge. Chicago Sun-Times. Sociological Theories to Explain Deviance. Retrieved Sep. 20, 2007, from http://www.valdosta.edu/~klowney/devtheories.htm. How to cite Deviant Behavior in the Light of Conflict Theory, Papers

Unemployment hearings Essay Example For Students

Unemployment hearings Essay NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ADMINISTRATIVE LAW JUDGE SECTION _____________________________________________ In the Matter of the Liability for Unemployment Insurance Contributions Under Article 18 of the Labor Law of: JENNIFER PAPULA, Claimant Respondent, NYS ARC, DC CHAPTER, Employer Appellant. Linda Angello Commissioner of Labor _____________________________________________ Social Security No.: 070-68-8173 Case No.: 102-2084-0001 Appeal Board No.: 505585 Date of Hearing: April 22, 2002 Place of Hearing: Poughkeepsie, New York Before: Tracy Roberts Administrative Law Judge Transcribed by: Joann McDonnell Appearances: Clt. : Jennifer Papula Emp.: NYS Arc, DC Chapter Emp. By: Terry Temple, H.R. Dir. Emp. Wit.: Joanne Rohrssen, Witness Maureen Gallagher, Witness __________________________________________ THE MECHANICAL SECRETARY 108-16 72nd Avenue Forest Hills, New York 11375 (718) 268-7900 ALJ MEYER: Testing one two testing testing. Okay we are on the record in ALJ case number 302-01153. Todays date is the second of May 2001 or 2002 rather. This hearing was scheduled for eleven oclock but it is about eleven forty five now and we are going to go ahead with the hearing. It was scheduled before Judge Parker but he is involved in a lengthy hearing right now we are going to just go ahead with this hearing. Present in the hearing room is the claimant Maxine M. Walter and for Hamburg Country Store your name please? MS. POLITI: Bonnie Politi. ALJ MEYER: P o l i t i? MS. POLITI: Yes. ALJ MEYER: Okay and you are the owner? MS. POLITI: Yes. ALJ MEYER: Okay and also present in the hearing room for the Department of Labor is? MR. REISCH: William Reisch R e i s c h and I am a Senior Unemployment Insurance Hearing Representative representing the Commissioner of Labor. ALJ MEYER: Okay and my name is Susan Meyer I am the Administrative Law Judge who is now designated to conduct this hearing. I am independent and I am impartial and I have no connection with the Commissioner of Labors office that issued the initial determination in this case. There are three initial determinations. The first one is you are not totally unemployed you are ineligible for unemployment insurance benefits for the period and reason indicated below beginning 10/23 2000 through 4/29 2001 you were not totally unemployed. This determination is based on the following you performed substantial services for your craft business by selling buying and creating crafts. There was also a determination of over payment in the amount of ten thousand three hundred and twenty three dollars and it reads as follows as a result of the above determination meaning the determination of not totally unemployed you have been overpaid ten thousand three hundred twenty three dollars the benefits paid for weeks after 5/17/98 are recoverable because of the reasons shown below and because you made factually false statements that you did not work. Now here is a notice of determination of wilful false statements there is a number there are a number of dates listed on that determination beginning November 5th 2000 and going through April 29th 2001. And the text of that initial determination reads as follows you wilfully made false statements to obtain benefits therefor your right to further benefits between now and 4/28/03 when this penalty expires is reduced by two hundred twelve effective days. This penalty is imposed because you falsely certified that you did not work in employment or self employment when you knew that you had worked. Now Ms. Walters did you receive copies of those determinations? MS. WALTER: Yes I did. ALJ MEYER: Okay and those are the determinations that you requested a hearing on is that correct? MS. WALTER: Yes maam. ALJ MEYER: Okay let me explain to you all how the hearing will be conducted. .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92 , .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92 .postImageUrl , .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92 , .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92:hover , .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92:visited , .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92:active { border:0!important; } .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92:active , .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92 .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue6db0dc024d9e23b85a35221736a4f92:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Humor was used in the medieval time period to expr Essay All testimony will be taken under oath. First I am going to give Mr. Reisch an opportunity to make an opening statement if he has one and then I am going to swear you in Ms. Walter and take your testimony and Mr. Reisch and Ms. Politi will be given the opportunity to cross examine you if they have any questions for you. Then I am going to swear in Ms. Politi and take your testimony and then Mr. Reisch and Ms. Walter will be given the opportunity to cross examine you if they have any questions for you. If any of you have any witnesses or documents that you want to present .